San Xavier del Bac was in control by the Republic of
Mexico in 1821. Mexican material support for missions was non-existent, and in
1837 San Xavier’s last resident missionary in the 19th century fled the mission.
Franciscan administration of all missions in the Pimeria Alta region came to an
halt around the year 1843 and the secular clergy was then put in responsibility
for the churches. San Xavier ultimately became part of the United States in June
1854 with approval of the Gadsden Purchase. In 1859 San Xavier became part of the Diocese of Santa
Fe. The Bishop tried to find clergy for the San Xavier but was unsuccessful. In
1866 Tucson became an incipient diocese and the local vicar apostolic began sending
a secular clergy who resided in Tucson to the mission for regular visits and to
conduct services.
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